Integrating Local Wisdom into School-Based Management in Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review (2020–2026)

Abstract

This study aims to analyze publication characteristics, mechanisms for integrating local wisdom, the benefits and challenges of its implementation, and to formulate a conceptual framework for local wisdom-based school-based management (SBM) in Indonesia. The study employed a systematic literature review guided by the PRISMA 2020 reporting framework. The analysis covered 16 English-language publications in a Scopus dataset spanning the 2020–2026 period. Five publications were classified as core evidence and eleven as contextual evidence, which were subsequently analyzed using descriptive and thematic approaches. Two national articles outside the main corpus were used as supporting literature. The findings indicate that publications were concentrated in 2024–2026 and predominantly focused on pedagogy, while studies directly addressing school governance remained limited. The integration of local wisdom into SBM occurs through the institutionalization of values in school vision and policies, leadership as a mediator of cultural values, community participation, integration into school programs, and cultural evaluation and regeneration. The reported benefits include strengthening identity and character, enhancing learning relevance, increasing community participation, and improving schools’ social legitimacy. However, implementation faces several challenges, including dependence on individual leaders, symbolic participation, uneven teacher capacity, inadequate documentation, and limited evaluation indicators. The novelty of this study lies in the development of a conceptual framework that cyclically connects local values and knowledge, actors, management processes, school programs, and outcomes and feedback. This framework can serve as a foundation for developing inclusive and sustainable school governance, although further empirical testing is needed.