Analysis of Factors Influencing Halal Certification among MSMEs in Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review Using the PRISMA Approach

Abstract

Aims: This study aims to systematically analyze the factors influencing halal certification among Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia and to map the supporting factors and barriers affecting MSMEs’ readiness to obtain halal certification. Method: This study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach. The literature was collected from Google Scholar, Garuda, Scopus, ScienceDirect, DOAJ, and Dimensions using keywords related to halal certification, MSMEs, certification factors, and barriers to halal certification in Indonesia. Following the identification, screening, and eligibility assessment stages, 14 articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed using thematic and narrative synthesis. Results: The literature synthesis indicates that halal certification is influenced by the interaction of internal and external factors. Internal factors include halal knowledge and literacy, awareness, compliance, human resource readiness, and business preparedness. External factors comprise certification costs, procedural complexity, government support, assistance, access to information, consumer pressure, and digitalization. The main barriers identified are limited literacy, financial constraints, administrative complexity, resource limitations, and inadequate assistance. Novelty/Implications: The novelty of this study lies in integrating internal and external factors to explain the determinants of halal certification among MSMEs. The findings imply the need for a collaborative certification ecosystem through strengthening halal literacy, simplifying procedures, providing continuous assistance, enhancing institutional support, and accelerating digitalization.