Transformasi Akuntansi Manajemen pada Era Artificial Intelligence: Tinjauan Literatur Terstruktur tentang Efisiensi, Pengendalian Biaya, dan Pengambilan Keputusan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58764/j.im.2026.7.245Kata Kunci:
akuntansi manajemen, kecerdasan buatan, pembelajaran mesin, penganggaran, pengendalian manajemen, pengambilan keputusan, tinjauan literatur terstrukturAbstrak
Tujuan: Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis peran kecerdasan buatan (artificial intelligence/AI) dalam transformasi akuntansi manajemen, khususnya pada analisis biaya, perencanaan anggaran, pengendalian manajemen, dan pengambilan keputusan. Metode: Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan tinjauan literatur terstruktur terhadap sumber-sumber yang dapat diakses, meliputi artikel ilmiah, ulasan sistematis, studi kasus, eksperimen, disertasi, dan laporan profesi. Literatur disintesis secara tematik untuk mengidentifikasi manfaat, keterbatasan, dan implikasi penerapan AI pada setiap fungsi. Penelusuran belum didasarkan pada ekspor lengkap basis data ilmiah dan belum menghasilkan diagram PRISMA khusus yang dapat direplikasi, sehingga temuan dipahami sebagai sintesis terstruktur atas literatur yang tersedia. Hasil: Pembelajaran mesin berpotensi meningkatkan ketepatan estimasi biaya ketika tersedia data historis yang memadai. Dalam penganggaran, kemampuan prediktif AI mendukung proyeksi yang lebih akurat, tetapi ketepatan prediksi tidak dengan sendirinya menjamin alokasi sumber daya yang optimal. Pada pengendalian manajemen, teknologi digital memungkinkan pemantauan kinerja yang lebih cepat dan antisipatif, meskipun kontribusi khusus AI perlu dibedakan dari dampak digitalisasi secara umum. Dalam pengambilan keputusan, manfaat AI dipengaruhi oleh kualitas data, keterjelasan model, kepercayaan pengguna, kompetensi profesional, serta kejelasan tanggung jawab manusia. Kebaruan/Implikasi: Kebaruan kajian ini terletak pada sintesis yang disusun berdasarkan fungsi akuntansi manajemen dan kekuatan bukti, sehingga membedakan hasil teknis (ketepatan prediksi) dari hasil organisasional. AI lebih tepat diposisikan sebagai alat pendukung pertimbangan profesional, bukan pengganti akuntan manajemen. Organisasi perlu menyiapkan tata kelola data, mekanisme evaluasi model, dan pelatihan agar adopsi berlangsung bertanggung jawab. Penelitian berikutnya disarankan menguji secara empiris hubungan penggunaan AI dengan efisiensi, pengendalian biaya, kualitas keputusan, dan perubahan peran akuntan manajemen, termasuk pada konteks Indonesia.
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Referensi
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Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Nurchayati Nurchayati, Lara Aziza Putri, Widarti Widarti, Retno Paryati, Elvathna Syafwan

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